Climate Change and Environmental Influence on Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis in West Pokot County, Kenya

Table 1

Household environmental characteristics and their association with visceral leishmaniasis in Kacheliba subcounty of West Pokot County, Kenya (n = 360).

		Kala-azar present			Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)		-Values
Variable	Category	Yes	No	Total	AOR	Lower and upper
Water pathways/rock pile presence
Yes		63 (17.5%)	128 (35.6%)	191 (53.1%)	4.7	2.3-9.6	<0.05
No		15 (4.2%)	154 (42.8%)	169 (46.9%)
Acacia tree presence
Yes		74 (20.6%)	195 (54.2%)	269 (74.7%)	8.5	2.5-28.6	<0.05
No		4 (1.1%)	87 (24.2%)	91 (25.3%)
Dumping site presence
Yes		41 (11.4%)	94 (26.1%)	135 (37.5%)	1	0.5-2.0	0.097
No		37 (10.3%)	188 (52.2%)	225 (62.5%)
Anthill presence
Yes		76 (21.1%)	218 (60.6%)	294 (81.7%)	5.2	1.2-23.4	<0.05
No		2 (0.6%)	64 (17.8%)	66 (18.3%)
Animal shed presence
Yes		70 (19.4%)	221 (61.4%)	291 (80.8%)	2.8	0.9-8.0	0.0599
No		8 (2.2%)	61 (16.9%)	69 (19.2%)
Chicken shelter presence
Yes		53 (14.6%)	265 (73.2%)	318 (87.8%)	0.93	0.4-0.2	<0.05
No		25 (6.9%)	19 (5.2%)	40 (12.2%)
Recently moved house
Yes		39 (10.8%)	66 (18.3%)	105 (29.2%)	2	1.0-4.0	<0.05
No		39 (10.8%)	216 (60.0%)	255 (70.8%)

AOR = adjusted odds ratio, binary logistic regression result.