Review Article
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Advances and Challenges
Table 4
Diagnosis methods in postnatal samples.
| Sample | Time of sample collection | Target | Assay employed for diagnosis | Ref. | At or after birth | Antibodies against T. gondii | Parasite and DNA | Immunoassay | PCR | Bioassay | Mouse inoculation |
| PL | Yes | — | Yes | — | REP529 and B1 genes (qPCR) | — | [68] | Yes | — | Yes | — | B1 gene | — | [65] | Yes | — | Yes | — | REP529 gene (real-time PCR) | Swiss IOPS female mice | [63] | Yes | — | Yes | — | B1 gene | [dnr] | [62, 67] | Yes | — | Yes | — | B1 gene and RE sequence (conventional PCR-ELISA and real-time PCR) | [dnr] | [66] | Yes | — | Yes | — | — | Swiss Webster female mice | [64] |
| CL | Yes | IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgG avidity | — | ELISA (IgM, IgG, and IgA) and western blot (IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgG avidity) | — | — | [69] |
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PL: placenta; CL: colostrum; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; dnr: details not reported; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; qPCR: quantitative PCR; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
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