Evaluation of Protocol Biopsy Utility 12 Months after Renal Transplantation: A Multicenter Observational Analysis

Table 1

Baseline characteristics.

	Surveillance biopsy (𝑛=154)	No surveillance biopsy (𝑛=138)	𝑃 value
Male recipient, 𝑛 (%)	90 (58.4%)	83 (60.1%)	0.77^a
Recipient age, mean (SD), years	49.6 (13.5)	49.1 (12.6)	0.82^b
Indication for transplantation, 𝑛 (%)
Glomerulonephritis	47 (30.5)	32 (23.2)
Polycystic disease	30 (19.5)	20 (14.5)
Hypertension/nephrosclerosis	16 (10.4)	6 (4.3)	NS
Diabetes	9 (5.8)	16 (11.6)
Interstitial nephritis	5 (3.2)	9 (6.5)
Other	22 (14.3)	35 (25.4)
Unknown	25 (16.2)	20 (14.5)
Previous kidney transplant, 𝑛 (%)
1	18 (11.7)	15 (10.9)	0.58^c
≥2	1 (0.6)	3 (2.2)
Panel reactive antibodies, 𝑛 (%)
1–30%	23 (15.6)	11 (8.1)	0.012^b
31–80%	4 (2.7)	13 (9.6)
Number of HLA incompatibilities, mean (SD)	3.5 (1.29)	3.9 (1.42)	0.002^b
Old-to-old transplant, 𝑛 (%)^d	29 (18.8)	26 (18.8)	0.12^b
Living donor, 𝑛 (%)^b	10 (6.5)	9 (6.5)	NS
Cold ischemia time (hours)
Mean (SD)	16.3 (6.8)	17.5 (7.1)	0.09^a
Induction therapy, 𝑛 (%)
Any	123 (79.9)	127 (92.0)
IL-2 receptor antibody	66 (42.9)	59 (42.8)	0.003^b
Antithymocyte globulin	47 (30.5)	51 (37.0)
Other	9 (5.8)	15 (10.9)
Delayed graft function, 𝑛 (%)	30 (19.5)	29 (21.0)	0.74^b
Hypertension, 𝑛 (%)	131 (85.1)	106 (76.8)	0.07^b
Dyslipidemia, 𝑛 (%)	71(46.1)	66 (47.8)	0.77^b
Diabetes, 𝑛 (%)	13 (8.4)	24 (17.4)	0.022^b

^aChi squared; ^bWilcoxon; ^cFisher; ^dBoth donor and recipient ≥60 years. NS: not significant.