Robot-Assisted Hybrid Esophagectomy Is Associated with a Shorter Length of Stay Compared to Conventional Transthoracic Esophagectomy: A Retrospective Study

Table 3

Pulmonary complications.

	Conventional ()	HMIE ()	value
All pulmonary complications	51% (81/160)	43% (24/56)	0.32
Severe pulmonary complications	38% (41/160)	18% (10/56)	0.24

Severe respiratory complications are defined as grade III or higher on the Clavien-Dindo score.