The Effectiveness of an AI-Enabled Program for Developing Awareness of Citizenship Scientific Values

Table 8

T value and effect size (η²) of the proposed program on raising awareness of citizenship scientific values among preservice teachers.

Domain	Number (n)	T value	Effect size (η^2∗)	Effect size
Health values	60	−27.3	0.927	High
Making judgments		−20.5	0.877	High
Critical thinking		−22.2	0.893	High
Research skills		−22.2	0.893	High
Curiosity		−33.3	0.949	High
Information assessment		−17.4	0.837	High
Discussing issues		−26.2	0.921	High
Respect for the views of others		−28.2	0.931	High
Taking responsibility		−28.4	0.932	High
Decision-making		−16.0	0.813	High
Handling information and communication		−25.1	0.914	High
Total score		−58.4	0.983	High