Audit Committee Disclosure Tone and Corporate Violations in China: Textual Analysis

Table 2

Descriptive statistics.

Variable	N	Mean	Median	SD	Min	Max
VIOL	6,210	0.169	0.000	0.375	0.000	1.000
VIOLN	6,210	0.321	0.000	0.877	0.000	5.000
TONE	6,210	0.831	0.844	0.082	0.539	0.970
SIZE	6,210	22.540	22.380	1.436	19.470	26.660
LEV	6,210	0.467	0.459	0.212	0.071	0.967
ROA	6,210	0.038	0.035	0.064	−0.243	0.214
GROW	6,210	0.112	0.079	0.312	−0.646	1.509
TOP1	6,210	0.370	0.352	0.154	0.084	0.762
DUAL	6,210	0.227	0.000	0.419	0.000	1.000
INDI	6,210	0.375	0.364	0.052	0.333	0.571
BOARDN	6,210	5.754	6.000	1.618	2.000	11.000
BIG10	6,210	0.599	1.000	0.490	0.000	1.000
TURN	6,210	0.582	0.398	0.550	0.035	2.936
SOE	6,210	0.468	0.000	0.499	0.000	1.000