Propose a New Quality Model for M-Learning Application in Light of COVID-19

Table 6

Questionnaire items.

1. Technical factors
1.1. Efficiency and performance factor
		Strongly agree	Agree	Neutral	Disagree	Strongly disagree
1	The child takes a short time to learn and understand mobile apps
2	Mobile learning applications respond quickly to complete a specific task
3	Mobile learning applications provide appropriate assistance
4	Mobile learning applications provide voice assistance
1.2. Reliability factor
1	In the event of application failures (such as disconnecting), the information entered into it must be preserved
2	Ease of handling errors in mobile learning applications
3	Mobile learning applications must resume work and recover lost data after failure
4	Multiple versions of the application help reduce errors
1.3. Usability factor
1	The names of addresses, lists, and icons are compatible in mobile learning applications
2	Mobile learning application options are easy to understand and use
3	The child learns to use the mobile learning application easily without assistance
4	Child uses mobile learning apps without much effort
5	The mobile learning apps interface looks attractive to a child
1.4. Functional factor
1	Mobile learning apps contain a search engine, which facilitates the search for specific options
2	Mobile learning applications contain easy and relatively complete options and meet the requirements of the child
3	In mobile learning applications, the required tasks are performed and the result is as expected by the user
1.5. Maintainability factor
1	Easily diagnose errors in mobile learning applications
2	Easily correct errors and problems in mobile learning applications
3	If adjustments are made, the mobile learning apps will continue to work
4	Edits in portable learning apps are easily tested
1.6. Communication factor
1	Mobile learning applications contain specific tools to stimulate communication with the child
2	Mobile learning applications provide some form of social interaction/simultaneous play/or screen sharing
3	The application offers visual or auditory notes to children when they perform a certain task
1.7. Advertisements factor
1	Advertisements can completely distract the child’s attention while using mobile learning applications
2	Advertisements indirectly encourage the child to track ads and exit the application
1.8. Portability factor
1	Easily install mobile learning applications on mobile devices
2	Mobile learning applications work regardless of device type
2. Pedagogical factors
		Strongly agree	Agree	Neutral	Disagree	Strongly disagree
2.1. Interactivity factor
1	Child participates in mobile learning applications through activities that challenge the child
2	Mobile learning applications reduce kid’s keyboard usage, which means avoiding typing as much as possible
3	The child is able to move freely and easily between different topics to choose the topic he wants
4	Child controls the transition between the elements and contents of the mobile learning application
5	The application allows the child to leave or return to mobile learning applications easily
6	The user-interface helps the child to quickly access the required information
7	Mobile learning applications to suit the capabilities of the targeted children
8	The interface should be appropriate to the nature of the educational missions to be learned
9	Displaying intense information on a single screen should be avoided in children’s mobile learning applications
2.2. Educational activities factor
1	Mobile learning activities aim at the child’s interaction
2	Mobile learning activities shift from simple to complex
3	Mobile learning activities must be provided in an attractive and linguistically accurate manner
4	Mobile learning activities reflect the child’s surrounding and realistic environment
5	The goals of educational activities are beneficial to the child and develop the skills he applies to his life
6	Mobile learning activities are clear and accurate
7	The activities and educational materials used in the application must contain text, images, graphics, multimedia, games, sound, and others
2.3. Content quality factor
1	In a mobile learning application, the content provided must relate to specific educational goals
2	In a child’s mobile learning application, the general characteristics of the age group must be taken into account
3	The child’s mobile learning application takes into account the current and previous knowledge, so that there is an integrated link between old and new information
4	In the mobile learning application for the child, we must take into account the individual differences between the children in terms of diversity in the content
5	In a child’s mobile learning application, the content should focus on building knowledge, not listing information
6	In a mobile learning application for a child, the content must be attractive, modern and linguistically correct
7	The educational content must conform to the standards of the quality of mobile learning applications
2.4. Encouragement content factor
1	The mobile learning app provides encouraging rewards for keeping children engaged
2	The content of the mobile learning application is satisfactory, attractive and suitable for children
3	The app provides useful and attractive educational activities for the child’s attention
4	The concepts used are familiar and compatible with children’s mental models
3. User satisfaction
1	The mobile learning application performs the tasks in the best possible way and with the least time to reach the expected result
2	The mobile learning application is effective in achieving the goals, accomplishing the mission and reaching the expected result
3	In general, I am satisfied with mobile learning application because they are clear and consistent for children
4	Be satisfied with mobile learning apps because they are attractive to children