Internet Development, Collaborative Innovation, and Carbon Emissions

Table 7

Robustness check.

Variable	Replace the explanatory variable		Replace the spatial weight matrix
	Static SDM	Dynamic SDM	Static SDM	Dynamic SDM
L.lncg				0.5711
				(8.67)
L.lncg_p		0.5546
		(11.40)
intel	-0.0034	-0.0144	-0.0403	-0.0695
	(-0.12)	(-0.52)	(-1.25)	(-2.19)
lngdp	0.5417	0.1003	0.3664	0.1158
	(4.15)	(0.81)	(2.46)	(0.80)
open	-0.0087	-0.0815	-0.0421	-0.3231
	(-0.08)	(-0.85)	(-0.35)	(-2.65)
city	0.9071	0.1047	0.0105	0.3310
	(1.82)	(0.23)	(0.02)	(0.64)
lne_c	1.0241	0.4612	0.9001	0.5760
	(10.24)	(4.51)	(6.85)	(4.71)
Wintel	-0.0356	-0.0650	-0.0215	-0.1444
	(-1.07)	(-0.94)	(-0.52)	(-1.73)
Wlngdp	0.2717	0.1019	0.7306	0.3325
	(1.37)	(0.40)	(3.52)	(1.07)
Wopen	0.3682	0.2116	0.3879	0.2157
	(2.67)	(1.08)	(2.10)	(0.86)
Wcity	-0.9097	-1.3420	-1.6303	-0.0495
	(-1.17)	(-1.26)	(-1.84)	(-0.04)
Wlne_c	-0.3642	-0.3189	-0.1124	-0.0324
	(-1.41)	(-1.02)	(-0.33)	(-0.08)
^2	0.6326	0.8616	0.0492	0.8249
Obs	240	240	240	240

Note: , , and represent the significance levels of 1%, 5%, and 10%, respectively.