Optimal Two-Impulse Trajectories with Moderate Flight Time for Earth-Moon Missions

Figure 7

Direct ascent, counterclockwise LMO arrival, Δ𝑣₁=3.0658 km/s, Δ𝑣₂=0.8119 km/s, 𝑇=4.573 days, 𝜃_𝐸𝑃(0)=−116.41 deg.

(a) Earth-Moon trajectory, inertial coordinate frame

(b) LEO departure, inertial coordinate frame

(c) LMO arrival, inertial coordinate frame

(d) Earth-Moon trajectory, rotating coordinate frame

(e) LEO departure, rotating coordinate frame

(f) LMO arrival, rotating coordinate frame