Effect Mechanism of Penstock on Stability and Regulation Quality of Turbine Regulating System

Table 2

Characteristic parameters for time responses of the frequency of turbine regulating system with surge tank or not under = −0.1.

Types of fluctuation	System without surge tank	System with surge tank				Water-level fluctuation; in surge tank
		Head wave	Tail wave
	Maximum	Maximum	Amplitude	Attenuation rate	Period (s)	Period (s)
(s)
0	/	0.0318	0.0140	0.0007	323.87	313.91
1	0.0337	0.0344	0.0141	0.0007	322.21	313.91
2	0.0416	0.0419	0.0142	0.0007	322.21	313.91
3	0.0529	0.0534	0.0145	0.0006	322.21	313.91
4	0.0666	0.0670	0.0145	0.0006	322.21	313.91
(m)
0	0.0395	0.0398	0.0122	0.0010	317.33	310.72
2	0.0404	0.0409	0.0132	0.0008	318.94	312.21
4	0.0416	0.0419	0.0142	0.0007	322.21	313.91
6	0.0427	0.0429	0.0156	0.0006	325.55	315.87
8	0.0439	0.0443	0.0172	0.0004	328.96	318.15
(m)
60	0.0427	0.0426	0.0227	0.0005	356.99	342.11
90	0.0416	0.0419	0.0142	0.0007	322.21	313.91
120	0.0410	0.0415	0.0105	0.0013	286.90	305.00