Nonlinear Vibrations of 3D Laminated Composite Beams

<table>Time responses of (a) dimensionless transverse displacement <svg height="11.9625" id="M221" style="vertical-align:-3.25793pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.5625 11.9625" width="18.5625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> and (b) torsion <svg height="16.450001" id="M222" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.112499 16.450001" width="17.112499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>, due to external force <svg height="19.375" id="M223" style="vertical-align:-4.74141pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 190.10001 19.375" width="190.10001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> and <svg height="16.4125" id="M224" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 135.625 16.4125" width="135.625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>, applied on the middle of the beam. Line: nonlinear model and dash: linear model.</table>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

Nonlinear Vibrations of 3D Laminated Composite Beams

Figure 9