Detection of Outliers in Panel Data of Intervention Effects Model Based on Variance of Remainder Disturbance

Table 3

Unit root test results of correction models.

Model	LLC	HT	IPS	Fisher-ADF
Correction 1
Statistic	−8.7425	−6.3660	−5.8678	−9.8327
value	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
Correction 2
Statistic	−8.8354	−5.3912	−6.6452	−9.2965
value	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000

The null hypothesis of LLC, HT, IPS, and Fisher-ADF test is the data which contain a unit root.