A Coupled Lattice Boltzmann-Volume Penalization for Flows Past Fixed Solid Obstacles with Local Mesh Refinement

Table 4

Comparisons of the computing time per step and number of the used points.

	Case study	Uniform-mesh	Local-refined-mesh	Speedup
Time	Flows past a single circular cylinder
	Flows past a pair of circular cylinders
	Flows past a NACA-0012 airfoil
Number of the used points	Flows past a single circular cylinder
	Flows past a pair of circular cylinders
	Flows past a NACA-0012 airfoil