Customer-Oriented Vehicle Routing Problem with Environment Consideration: Two-Phase Optimization Approach and Heuristic Solution

Table 3

Sets, indices, and parameters in the C-VRPESER.

Notations	Detailed Definition
	Where , 0 represents the depot,
	is the set of the customers which should be delivered.
	represents the arcs.
	Set of of customers in the same customer group .
	Type of the vehicle.
	th vehicle with type.
	Maximum capacity of each type vehicles
	Number of customer.
	Demand of customers .
	Time of vehicle arrive at customer .
	Desired preferred time window for customer to be serviced.
	Service time of customer need.
	Distance between the customer and .
	Speed of the vehicle travel on the link .
	Load of the vehicle travel on the link .
	Light weight of the type vehicle.
	Per unit cost of fuel.
	Per unit cost of carbon emissions (carbon tax).
	Fuel emission factor.
	Fixed costs of the vehicle used.
	Departure time of the vehicle k from the depot.
	Latest arrival time at the depot after services the customers.
	Penalty coefficient for earliness arrival.
	Penalty coefficient for delay delivery.
	Service time of customer .