A New Method for Predicting Ground Settlement Induced by Pipe Jacking Construction

Table 2

Friction coefficients [32].

Soil types	Reinforced concrete pipe			Steel tube
	Dry	Moist	Typical value	Dry	Moist	Typical value
Soft soil	—	0.20	0.20	—	0.20	0.20
Clay stratum	0.40	0.20	0.30	0.40	0.20	0.30
Silt	0.45	0.30	0.38	0.45	0.30	0.37
Mucky clay	0.35	0.20	0.28	0.35	0.20	0.27
Silty clay	0.40	0.30	0.35	0.40	0.30	0.35
Gravel soil	0.50	0.40	0.45	0.50	0.50	0.50