A New Continuum Model considering Driving Behaviors and Electronic Throttle Effect on a Gradient Highway

Figure 4

The rarefaction wave in the initial Riemann condition (47b) on uphill slope. (a) Aggressive driving with ET. (b) Timid driving with ET. (c) Aggressive driving with ET. (d) Timid driving with ET. (e) Aggressive driving without ET. (f) Timid driving without ET. (g) Aggressive driving without ET. (h) Timid driving without ET.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)