Fast Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II with Lévy Distribution for Network Topology Optimization

Table 3

Comparison of different algorithms.

Problem	LDNSGA-II	NSGA-II	SPEA2	PESAII
ZDT1	1.0477e − 1 (3.83e − 2)	2.2805e − 1 (8.00e − 2)	1.3602e − 1 (7.55e − 2)	3.5496e − 1 (1.07e − 1)
ZDT2	2.3905e − 1 (1.69e − 1)	5.7633e − 1 (9.83e − 2)	5.5212e − 1 (1.89e − 1)	5.1306e − 1 (1.15e − 1)
ZDT3	1.0448e − 1 (1.86e − 2)	1.0396e − 1 (4.38e − 2)	1.3252e − 1 (6.10e − 2)	3.0291e − 1 (6.38e − 2)
DTLZ4	5.2499e − 3 (2.65e − 1)	1.5241e − 1 (3.11e − 1)	2.2555e − 1 (3.56e − 1)	1.5651e − 1 (3.09e − 1)
DTLZ5	5.0841e − 3 (2.41e − 3)	5.2258e − 3 (1.85e − 4)	5.1050e − 3 (4.35e − 5)	1.0215e − 2 (1.54e − 3)
DTLZ6	5.0579e − 3 (1.22e − 4)	5.5626e − 3 (2.70e − 4)	4.0756e − 3 (2.33e − 5)	1.4282e − 2 (2.76e − 3)
MaF11	1.3151e − 2 (8.90e − 4)	2.0795e − 2 (7.85e − 4)	2.3795e − 2 (8.80e − 4)	1.3309e − 2 (6.73e − 4)
MaF12	2.7729e − 2 (2.90e − 3)	2.9268e − 2 (2.61e − 3)	4.0268e − 2 (3.97e − 3)	2.9456e − 2 (2.48e − 3)