An Improved Nonhomogeneous Discrete Grey Model and Its Application

Table 3

The results of five grey models in carbon dioxide emissions of India (million tons).

Year	Raw data
				2000		962.5
		2001	970.3	969.25	969.62	956.09	934.76	970.10
		2002	1021.9	1026.60	1027.00	1016.52	1002.39	1000.66
		2003	1062.3	1087.34	1087.78	1078.93	1072.60	1060.32
2004	1116.6	1151.68	1152.15	1144.22	1145.44	1131.70
2005	1204.6	1219.83	1220.33	1212.86	1221.03	1209.57
2016	1252.5	1292.01	1292.55	1285.19	1299.46	1291.80
2007	1365.5	1368.46	1369.04	1361.51	1380.84	1377.38
2008	1466.9	1449.43	1450.05	1442.12	1465.28	1465.78
2009	1595.6	1535.20	1535.86	1527.29	1552.90	1556.70
2010	1661.0	1626.03	1626.79	1617.32	1643.81	1650.01
2011	1735.7	1722.24	1723.01	1712.50	1738.15	1745.61
2012	1849.2	1824.15	1824.98	1813.15	1836.03	1843.46
2013	1930.0	1932.09	1932.98	1919.60	1937.60	1943.56
2014	2083.3	2046.41	2047.36	2032.19	2042.96	2045.91
2015	2147.8	2167.50	2168.52	2151.29	2152.34	2150.54
2016	2234.2	2295.75	2296.85	2277.28	2265.80	2257.47
RMSE		30.83	30.86	31.66	25.37	19.83
MAPE (%)		1.59	1.60	2.03	1.50	0.99
2017	2316.9	2431.59	2432.77	2410.57	2383.53	2366.75
2018	2479.1	2575.47	2576.73	2551.58	2505.70	2478.42
RMSE		105.93	107.18	83.74	50.7323	35.25
MAPE (%)		4.42	4.47	3.48	1.93	1.09