Sine Cosine Algorithm with Multigroup and Multistrategy for Solving CVRP

Table 3

Test results compared with other optimization algorithms.

Function	MMSCA	PSO	PPSO	DE
	2.95E − 30	6.92E − 03	3.03E − 28	8.14E − 15
	8.02E − 20	2.46E − 01	5.93E − 13	1.58E − 08
	6.73E − 30	8.03E − 02	1.08E − 25	6.38E + 01
	1.56E − 08	7.92E − 02	6.67E − 08	9.47E − 02
	7.02E + 00	1.70E + 01	1.16E + 00	2.94E + 01
	2.98E − 01	6.48E − 03	1.50E − 09	6.89E − 15
	1.83E − 04	1.30E − 02	2.07E − 03	2.87E − 02
	−2.29E + 03	−2.40E + 03	−2.70E + 03	−1.18E + 02
	3.30E − 06	3.34E + 00	6.70E + 00	5.81E + 01
	2.91E − 14	2.77E − 01	3.68E − 13	5.08E − 08
	0.00E + 00	2.29E − 01	3.32E − 01	9.88E − 15
	5.60E − 02	6.44E − 02	1.04E − 02	2.25E − 16
	2.59E − 01	7.68E − 03	2.28E − 03	1.86E − 15
	9.98E − 01	3.86E + 00	1.99E + 00	3.26E + 00
	6.85E − 04	4.52E − 03	1.80E − 03	7.23E − 04
	−1.03E + 00	−1.03E + 00	−1.03E + 00	−1.03E + 00
	3.99E − 01	3.99E − 01	3.99E − 01	3.98E − 01
	3.00E + 00	3.00E + 00	3.00E + 00	3.00E + 00
	−3.86E + 00	−3.86E + 00	−3.86E + 00	−3.86E + 00