Numerical Simulation of the Natural Convection with Presence of the Nanofluids in Cubical Cavity

Figure 10

Variation of the average Nusselt number as a function of the volume fraction and nanofluid type for different Ra. (a) Ra = 10⁴. (b) Ra = 10⁵. (c) Ra = 10⁶.

(a)

(b)

(c)