Numerical Simulation of the Natural Convection with Presence of the Nanofluids in Cubical Cavity

Figure 4

Isotherms for (water-Al₂O₃) Ra = 10⁵, ϕ = 4%, and different lengths d according to plane Y = 0.5. (a) d = 0.25. (b) d = 0.5. (c) d = 0.75. (d) d = 1.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)