Numerical Simulation of the Natural Convection with Presence of the Nanofluids in Cubical Cavity

Table 5

Comparison of the mean Nusselt number between our results and those of Ravnik et al. [37] for different types of nanofluids and values of volume fraction (ϕ = 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2).

	Ra	Water	Water-Cu		Water-Al2O3		Water-TiO2
		ϕ = 0.0	ϕ = 0.1	ϕ = 0.2	ϕ = 0.1	ϕ = 0.2	ϕ = 0.1	ϕ = 0.2
Ravnik et al.	10^3	1.071	1.363	1.758	1.345	1.718	1.297	1.598
This work	10^3	1.080	1.371	1.767	1.353	1.727	1.304	1.607
Relative gap	10^3	0.84%	0.58%	0.51%	0.59%	0.52%	0.53%	0.56%
Ravnik et al.	10^4	2.078	2.237	2.381	2.168	2.244	2.115	2.132
This work	10^4	2.121	2.277	2.415	2.206	2.275	2.153	2.162
Relative gap	10^4	2.06%	1.78%	1.42%	1.75%	1.38%	1.79%	1.4%
Ravnik et al.	10^5	4.510	4.946	5.278	4.806	4.968	4.684	4.732
This work	10^5	4.672	5.095	5.409	4.948	5.086	4.823	4.845
Relative gap	10^5	3.59%	3.01%	2.48%	2.95%	2.37%	2.96%	2.38%