Cutting Force Modeling and Experimental Study for Ball-End Milling of Free-Form Surfaces

Figure 8

Comparison of predicted cutting force and actual cutting force for free-form cutting. (a) The change of the cutting force in the X direction. (b) The change of the cutting force in the Y direction. (c) The change of the cutting force in the Z direction. (d) The change of the overall cutting force.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)