Research Article
Experimental Study and Direct Strength Method for Cold-Formed Steel Built-Up I-Sectional Columns under Axial Compression
Table 4
Comparison on buckling modes and ultimate load capacities of built-up I-sectional columns.
| | No. | Specimen | Test buckling mode | FEA buckling mode | Pt (kN) | Pta (kN) | PA (kN) | PD (kN) | PMD (kN) | Pt/PA | Pt/PD | Pt/PMD |
| | 1 | DC7510-05-S150-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 105.44 | 108.66 | 120.92 | 126.74 | 104.29 | 0.872 | 0.832 | 1.011 | | 2 | DC7510-05-S150-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 111.88 | | 121 | 125.5 | 104.7 | 0.925 | 0.891 | 1.069 | | 3 | DC7510-15-S150-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 92.9 | 94.55 | 96.78 | 128.04 | 96.33 | 0.960 | 0.726 | 0.964 | | 4 | DC7510-15-S150-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 96.2 | | 96.3 | 128.5 | 95.9 | 0.999 | 0.749 | 1.003 | | 5 | DC7510-15-S300-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 91.8 | 92.05 | 92.92 | — | — | 0.988 | — | — | | 6 | DC7510-15-S300-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 92.3 | | 92.38 | — | — | 0.999 | — | — | | 7 | DC7510-15-S150-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 96.5 | — | 97.66 | — | — | 0.988 | — | — | | 8 | DC7510-15-S300-Y-2 | L + D | L + D | 94.9 | | 100.53 | — | — | 0.944 | — | — | | 9 | DC7510-20-S150-N-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 89.41 | 87.79 | 92.9 | 127.89 | 89.1 | 0.962 | 0.699 | 1.003 | | 10 | DC7510-20-S150-N-2 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 86.16 | | 90.47 | 127.44 | 86.05 | 0.952 | 0.676 | 1.001 | | 11 | DC7510-20-S300-N-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 87.34 | 87.10 | 91.62 | — | — | 0.953 | — | — | | 12 | DC7510-20-S300-N-2 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 86.86 | | 91.2 | — | — | 0.952 | — | — | | 13 | DC7510-20-S150-Y-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 87.89 | — | 92.73 | — | — | 0.937 | — | — | | 14 | DC7510-20-S300-Y-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 88.54 | | 92.89 | — | — | 0.953 | — | — |
| | 15 | DC9008-05-S150-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 71.03 | 69.97 | 77.72 | 105.9 | 67.88 | 0.914 | 0.671 | 1.046 | | 16 | DC9008-05-S150-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 68.9 | | 76.16 | 105.96 | 67.35 | 0.905 | 0.650 | 1.023 | | 17 | DC9008-15-S150-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 66.48 | 66.12 | 73.53 | 104.28 | 67.78 | 0.904 | 0.638 | 0.981 | | 18 | DC9008-15-S150-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 65.76 | | 72.06 | 103.95 | 67.23 | 0.913 | 0.633 | 0.978 | | 19 | DC9008-15-S300-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 67.82 | 67.31 | 74.16 | — | — | 0.915 | — | — | | 20 | DC9008-15-S300-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 66.8 | | 73.24 | — | — | 0.912 | — | — | | 21 | DC9008-15-S150-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 68.8 | — | 75.88 | — | — | 0.907 | — | — | | 22 | DC9008-15-S300-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 67.9 | | 73.26 | — | — | 0.908 | — | — | | 23 | DC9008-20-S150-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 69.33 | 70.47 | 73.04 | 98.27 | 64.19 | 0.949 | 0.706 | 1.080 | | 24 | DC9008-20-S150-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 71.6 | | 73.77 | 98.05 | 65.45 | 0.971 | 0.730 | 1.094 | | 25 | DC9008-20-S300-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 70.16 | 70.20 | 70.42 | — | — | 0.996 | — | — | | 26 | DC9008-20-S300-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 70.24 | | 70.95 | — | — | 0.990 | — | — | | 27 | DC9008-20-S150-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 71.21 | — | 73.23 | — | — | 0.945 | — | — | | 28 | DC9008-20-S300-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 70.84 | | 72.13 | — | — | 0.941 | — | — |
| | 29 | DC10008-05-S150-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 58.29 | 59.37 | 63.32 | 71.06 | 47.61 | 0.921 | 0.820 | 1.224 | | 30 | DC10008-05-S150-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 60.45 | | 62.5 | 70.98 | 47.85 | 0.967 | 0.852 | 1.263 | | 31 | DC10008-15-S150-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 56.275 | 54.00 | 55.11 | 70.96 | 47.68 | 1.021 | 0.793 | 1.180 | | 32 | DC10008-15-S150-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 51.725 | | 54 | 70.75 | 47.75 | 0.958 | 0.731 | 1.083 | | 33 | DC10008-15-S300-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 52.6 | 52.70 | 55.23 | — | — | 0.952 | — | — | | 34 | DC10008-15-S300-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 52.8 | | 53.93 | — | — | 0.979 | — | — | | 35 | DC10008-15-S150-Y-1 | D + L | D + L | 55.7 | — | 55.19 | — | — | 1.009 | — | — | | 36 | DC10008-15-S300-Y-1 | D + L | D + L | 57 | | 55.22 | — | — | 1.032 | — | — | | 37 | DC10008-20-S150-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 56.33 | 55.57 | 54.48 | 70.65 | 47.76 | 1.034 | 0.797 | 1.179 | | 38 | DC10008-20-S150-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 54.8 | | 54 | 70.12 | 47.95 | 1.015 | 0.782 | 1.143 | | 39 | DC10008-20-S300-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 52.54 | 53.15 | 52.61 | — | — | 0.999 | — | — | | 40 | DC10008-20-S300-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 53.76 | | 53.14 | — | — | 1.012 | — | — | | 41 | DC10008-20-S150-Y-1 | D + L | D + L | 55.88 | — | 55.12 | — | — | 1.014 | — | — | | 42 | DC10008-20-S300-Y-1 | D + L | D + L | 53.85 | | 52.1 | — | — | 1.018 | — | — |
| | 43 | DC8008-05-S150-N-1 | D + L | D + L | 64.26 | 63.49 | 68.37 | 79.01 | 58.46 | 0.940 | 0.813 | 1.099 | | 44 | DC8008-05-S150-N-2 | D + L | D + L | 62.72 | | 67.67 | 78.32 | 58.12 | 0.927 | 0.801 | 1.079 | | 45 | DC8008-15-S150-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 55.7 | 57.50 | 55.63 | 79.71 | 57.21 | 1.001 | 0.699 | 0.974 | | 46 | DC8008-15-S150-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 59.3 | | 56.75 | 79.53 | 56.35 | 1.045 | 0.746 | 1.052 | | 47 | DC8008-15-S300-N-1 | L + D | L + D | 54.4 | 55.90 | 53.43 | — | — | 1.018 | — | — | | 48 | DC8008-15-S300-N-2 | L + D | L + D | 57.4 | | 55.04 | — | — | 1.043 | — | — | | 49 | DC8008-15-S150-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 57.96 | — | 53.35 | — | — | 0.955 | — | — | | 50 | DC8008-15-S300-Y-1 | L + D | L + D | 59.1 | | 59.74 | — | — | 0.989 | — | — | | 51 | DC8008-20-S150-N-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 57.97 | 56.40 | 54.68 | 79.03 | 55.13 | 1.060 | 0.734 | 1.052 | | 52 | DC8008-20-S150-N-2 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 54.82 | | 54.21 | 78.21 | 54.45 | 1.011 | 0.701 | 1.007 | | 53 | DC8008-20-S300-N-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 52.5 | 52.04 | 53.31 | — | — | 0.985 | — | — | | 54 | DC8008-20-S300-N-2 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 51.58 | | 52.24 | — | — | 0.987 | — | — | | 55 | DC8008-20-S150-Y-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 57.14 | — | 55.48 | — | — | 0.976 | — | — | | 56 | DC8008-20-S300-Y-1 | L + D + G | L + D + G | 52.73 | | 53.66 | — | — | 0.964 | — | — |
| | Average | 0.969 | 0.744 | 1.066 | | Standard deviation | 0.036 | 0.057 | 0.064 | | Coefficient of variation | 0.037 | 0.077 | 0.060 |
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