The Influence of Enterprise Design Risk Attitude on the Choice of Heterogeneous Open Innovation Alliance

Table 1

Evaluation index system and data sources.

Variable	Item	Code	Data sources	Literature sources
R&D input capacity (W1)	R&D funding intensity	W11	Statistical data	Angeles and Nath [32], Kor and Mesko [34], Guan and Ma [35]
	Technical personnel input	W12	Statistical data
	Implementation intensity of new process	W13	Expert rating
	Technology purchasing power	W14	Comprehensive analysis
Independent R&D capability (W2)	Amount of prior technology	W21	Comprehensive analysis	Brendel [27], Brouthers et al. [28], Dacin et al. [29], Wu et al. [31], Helfat [36]
	Per capita quality of technical personnel	W22	Statistical data
	Proportion of technical personnel	W23	Statistical data
	Experience of technical personnel	W24	Statistical data
	Innovation incentive mechanism	W25	Comprehensive analysis
	Proportion of independent design	W26	Comprehensive analysis
Organization and management ability (W3)	Leaders’ willingness to innovate	W31	Expert rating	Angeles and Nath [32], Kor and Mesko [34], Helfat et al. [36], Helfat and Peteraf [37]
	Decision-making level innovation risk prevention awareness	W32	Expert rating
	Comprehensive quality of design team	W33	Statistical data
	Design risk resilience	W34	Expert rating
Marketing capability (W4)	Market awareness of similar products	W41	Expert rating	Wu et al. [31], Guan and Ma [35], Tan [38], Chau and Lin [39]
	Marketing capability	W42	Statistical data
	Design and development cycle	W43	Comprehensive analysis
	E-business application capability	W44	Statistical data
Other indicators (W5)	Intellectual property management system	W51	Comprehensive analysis	Wu et al. [31], Angeles and Nath [32]
	Macroenvironment of market launch period	W52	Comprehensive analysis