An XFEM-Based Analysis of Concrete Face Cracking in Rockfill Dams

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Interface</td><td class="align_center"><i>K</i><sub>1</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>K</i><sub>2</sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>n</i></td><td class="align_center"><i>R</i><sub><i>f</i></sub></td><td class="align_center"><i>δ</i> (°)</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="9.39034pt" id="M45" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 12.8818 9.39034" width="12.8818pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M478 372C478 418 458 448 431 448C409 448 389 431 389 410C389 404 391 400 394 395C398 388 406 371 406 348C406 253 308 122 251 51H249C254 122 249 257 231 336C212 421 189 448 159 448C126 448 75 412 23 327L48 306C83 354 103 371 115 371C125 371 134 360 144 334C185 224 192 64 183 -19C146 -100 116 -202 110 -244L125 -261C154 -259 208 -234 222 -220C222 -194 225 -84 235 -23C247 -3 273 36 308 79C379 165 478 288 478 372Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.668,3.132)"><path d="M698 334C698 397 680 451 655 451C627 451 602 424 602 397C602 389 605 383 614 371C622 360 624 340 624 317C624 161 546 47 458 47C419 47 389 69 389 125C389 142 391 162 397 185L457 430L451 435L380 421L315 164C301 107 266 47 222 47C182 47 153 69 153 126C153 137 157 162 161 185C166 214 179 265 197 334C203 358 208 385 208 407C208 433 201 451 176 451C124 451 64 404 24 348L44 320C86 366 113 382 121 382C126 382 128 381 128 374C128 368 126 356 122 341C102 266 88 204 81 164C77 143 73 121 73 107C73 23 131 -12 187 -12C234 -12 281 10 322 45C343 5 383 -12 422 -12C559 -12 698 174 698 334Z"></path></g></svg> (kg/m<sup>3</sup>)</td><td class="align_center"><i>P</i><sub><i>a</i></sub> (Pa)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Face and cushion</td><td class="align_center">4800</td><td class="align_center">4800</td><td class="align_center">0.56</td><td class="align_center">0.74</td><td class="align_center">36.6</td><td class="align_center">9800</td><td class="align_center">100000</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="8"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Parameters for the Goodman model.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: An XFEM-Based Analysis of Concrete Face Cracking in Rockfill Dams 