Improved Dynamic Optimized Kernel Partial Least Squares for Nonlinear Process Fault Detection

Figure 4

Monitoring faults in using (a) KPLS, (b) RKPLS, (c) MW-RRKPCA, (d) ORRKPCA, (e) MW-RKPLS techniques, and (f) DRKPLS.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)