Nonlinear Contour Tracking of a Voice Coil Motors-Driven Dual-Axis Positioning Stage Using Fuzzy Fractional PID Control with Variable Orders

<div>Flower contour tracking results of the VCMs-driven dual-axis positioning stage using PID, FFPID, and VOFFPID controllers in Case 2. (a) Tracking errors; (b) drive currents.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 10

Figure 10: Nonlinear Contour Tracking of a Voice Coil Motors-Driven Dual-Axis Positioning Stage Using Fuzzy Fractional PID Control with Variable Orders 

Figure 10 | Nonlinear Contour Tracking of a Voice Coil Motors-Driven Dual-Axis Positioning Stage Using Fuzzy Fractional PID Control with Variable Orders 