Optimal Differential Pricing for Intercity High-Speed Railway Services with Time-Dependent Demand and Passenger Choice Behaviors under Capacity Constraints

Table 2

Comparison of our research with the literature in pricing problems of railways.

References	Time-dependent demand	Taste heterogeneity	Multiple trains	Solution method
Hetrakul and Cirillo [8]	✕	✓	✕	LINGO 12.0
Zhang et al. [11]	✕	✓	✕	An inverse dynamic programming method
Zheng and Liu [12]	✕	✕	✕	Lagrange multiplier and KKT conditions
Fransiscus [13]	✕	✕	✕	Enumeration
Qin et al. [14]	✕	✓	✓	Simulated annealing algorithm
Qin et al. [15]	✕	✕	✓	Artificial bee colony algorithm
Wu et al. [16]	✕	✕	✓	Two-stage algorithm
Hu et al. [17]	✕	✕	✓	Quasi-Newton method-based solution algorithm
This paper	✓	✓	✓	Modified direct search simulated annealing algorithm