Effect of Nanoparticles and Base Fluid Types on Natural Convection in a Three-Dimensional Cubic Enclosure

<div>Evolution of Nu<sub>avg</sub> as a function of <svg height="9.39034pt" id="M154" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 7.69399 9.39034" width="7.69399pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M559 271C559 395 493 448 433 448C370 448 304 394 275 297C259 245 235 121 219 37C157 54 113 110 113 201C113 310 180 386 276 429L265 457C131 410 23 326 23 186C23 83 86 5 211 -10C180 -159 167 -220 158 -252L165 -261C198 -255 236 -246 251 -218L287 -5C421 9 559 119 559 271ZM484 273C484 144 400 40 293 33L352 331C364 389 382 406 405 406C431 406 484 370 484 273Z"></path></g></svg> for Ra = 10<sup>3</sup> and Ra = 10<sup>6</sup>.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

fig13

Figure 13

Figure 13: Effect of Nanoparticles and Base Fluid Types on Natural Convection in a Three-Dimensional Cubic Enclosure 