A Fusion Crossover Mutation Sparrow Search Algorithm

Algorithm 1

Pseudocode of initialization population.

	Initialize the population S using equation (8)
	Sort S according to the fitness value
	Select the first half of the better individuals from S to form elite population E
	Obtain the opposition-based population OE using equations (9) and (10)
	Combine S and OE to obtain a new population
	Select N individuals from the new population with better fitness to form the initial population