A Continuous Nonlinear Fractional-Order PI Controller for Primary Frequency Control Application

Table 3

Frequency and active power responses.

Controller		FOPI	NL-PI	FO-NLPI (proposed)
Frequency response	Maximum deviation from 49.8 Hz	0.04	0.04	0.02
	Settling time (s) acceptable dead band of 0.01 Hz	4.5	5	3.02
Active power response	Maximum deviation from −67.6 MW	−2.24	−1.14	−1.05
	Settling time for stabilization (s) between [−69, −66]	4.3	3.3	2.8