Metaheuristic Approaches Integrated with ANN in Forecasting Daily Emergency Department Visits

Table 8

The results of three approaches in training and testing processes.

	Training
	MAPE	Rank	MAE	Rank	MSE	Rank	RMSE	Rank	R^2	Rank
Bayesian ANN	0.073	2	50.016	2	4246.407	3	65.164	3	0.672	3
GA-ANN	0.078	3	53.183	3	3765.061	2	61.360	2	0.716	2
PSO-ANN	0.063	1	42.797	1	2499.340	1	49.993	1	0.824	1
	Testing
	MAPE	Rank	MAE	Rank	MSE	Rank	RMSE	Rank	R^2	Rank
Bayesian ANN	0.088	3	60.358	3	7031.078	3	83.852	3	0.343	3
GA-ANN	0.069	2	47.643	2	3321.312	2	57.631	2	0.736	2
PSO-ANN	0.060	1	40.888	1	2839.998	1	53.292	1	0.791	1