Evolution Characteristics of Advanced Nonferrous Metal Industry Patent Cooperation Network in China from the Perspective of Multilayer Network

Table 4

The degree centrality and betweenness centrality of the patent cooperation network in each stage of advanced nonferrous metal industry.

Time	Applicant	Degree centrality	Applicant	Betweenness centrality
2002–2007	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	30	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	665.67
	Sinopec Company Petrochemical Science Research Institute	9	Zhejiang University	494
	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	9	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	368
	Consortium corporation Industrial Technology Research Institute	7	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	205.67
	Zhejiang University	7	East China University of Science and Technology	132
	Wanguo Computer Co., Ltd	6	Sinopec Ningbo engineering Co., Ltd	117.33
	East China University of Science and Technology	5	Petrochemical Science Research Institute of China Stone Engineering Company	110.67
	Tsinghua University	5	Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences	89
	China University of Petroleum (Beijing)	5	Antai Technology Co., Ltd	45
	Xiwang Technology Co., Ltd	5	University of Chongqing	45
2008–2011	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	23	China National Petroleum Corporation Limited	2230.5
	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	12	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	2192.36
	Zhejiang University	11	Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences	2090.33
	Tsinghua University	10	Tsinghua University	1483.5
	Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences	10	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	1464.67
	University of Science and Technology Beijing	9	University of Science and Technology Beijing	1225.67
	Hon Hai Precision Industries Company Limited	7	Zhejiang University	1208.6
	China National Petroleum Corporation Limited	6	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	756.64
	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	6	Shandong Aluminum Co., Ltd	557
	East China University of Science and Technology	6	Jiangsu Thorpe (group) Co., Ltd	465
2012–2016	Tsinghua University	22	China National Petroleum Corporation Limited	5530.62
	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	17	Tsinghua University	4273.33
	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	16	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	3769.08
	Central South University	15	University of Science and Technology Beijing	3277.58
	Zhejiang University	13	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	3113.59
	Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences	12	Dalian University of Technology	2950.09
	Hon Hai Precision Industries Company Limited	11	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	2843.51
	University of Science and Technology Beijing	11	Central South University	2026.67
	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	10	Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences	1583
	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	9	Zhejiang University	1350.1
2017–2020	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	23	University of Science and Technology Beijing	3945
	Tsinghua University	18	Central South University	3824
	Central South University	18	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	3548
	University of Science and Technology Beijing	15	Tsinghua University	2465
	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	14	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	2269
	Zhejiang University	12	CRRC Industrial Research Institute Co., Ltd	2088
	Hon Hai Precision Industries Company Limited	11	China Petrochemical Corporation Limited	1039.5
	Shanghai University	9	Hon Hai Precision Industries Company Limited	954
	China University of Petroleum (East China)	9	Dalian University of Technology	946
	Baoshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd	9	Beijing Steel Research and Advanced Technology co., Ltd	824.33