Locating Natural Frequency Faults in HVDC Transmission Systems Based on the Rotation-Invariant Technology Signal Parameter Estimation Algorithm and the Total Least Squares Method

<table class="table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Actual point of failure (km)</td><td class="align_center">Natural frequency principal component (Hz)</td><td class="align_center">Calculated ranging point (km)</td><td class="align_center">Error (%)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">10</td><td class="align_center">7523</td><td class="align_center">10.02</td><td class="align_center">−0.20</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">20</td><td class="align_center">3795</td><td class="align_center">19.86</td><td class="align_center">−0.70</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">30</td><td class="align_center">2490</td><td class="align_center">30.27</td><td class="align_center">+0.90</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">40</td><td class="align_center">1870</td><td class="align_center">40.31</td><td class="align_center">+0.78</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">50</td><td class="align_center">1509</td><td class="align_center">49.95</td><td class="align_center">−0.10</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>TLS-ESPRIT bipolar HVDC metallic short-circuit distance measurements.</div>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Table 5

Table 5: Locating Natural Frequency Faults in HVDC Transmission Systems Based on the Rotation-Invariant Technology Signal Parameter Estimation Algorithm and the Total Least Squares Method 

Table 5 | Locating Natural Frequency Faults in HVDC Transmission Systems Based on the Rotation-Invariant Technology Signal Parameter Estimation Algorithm and the Total Least Squares Method 