The Effect of Innovation Investment on Environmental Total Factor Productivity

Table 6

Estimation results of double fixed effect spatial Durbin model.

Variable	Geographic distance matrix	Economic distance matrix
λ	0.565	0.071
	(0.277)	(0.102)
I	0.150	0.018
	(−2.748)	(2.491)
E	0.544	0.278
	(7.794)	(8.381)
S	−0.060	−0.149
	(0.077)	(0.074)
H	−0.142	−0.115
	(−5.608)	(−5.931)
F	0.049	0.063
	(0.023)	(0.024)
W(I)	2.268	0.361
	(1.69)	(8.301)
W(E)	1.262	0.403
	(4.77)	(2.1)
W(S)	−0.546	−0.245
	(1.546)	(0.2)
W(H)	−0.226	−0.019
	(−0.001)	(0.001)
W(F)	0.215	−0.012
	(−0.173)	(−0.064)

Note. , ,, respectively, mean passing the significance level test of 1%, 5%, and 10%. The values in brackets represent standard error.