An Exploratory Pledging Framework of Crowdfunding for Utilities Tunnel Engineering Project

Figure 4

The investment revenue rate of the backers of crowdfunding based on equity. 12 simple cases are chosen to compute the investment revenue rate. Cases 1–4 are that the utilities tunnel project will be delivered at period. To compute investment revenue rate, the different conditions of pledged capital are as follows: Case 1: , , and ; Case 2: , , and ; Case 3: , , and ; Case 4: , , and . Cases 5–8 are that the utilities tunnel project will be delivered at period. The different conditions of pledged capital are as follows: Case 5: , , and ; Case 6: , , and ; Case 7: , , and ; Case 8: , , and . Cases 9–12 are that the utilities tunnel project will be delivered at period. The different conditions of pledged capital are as follows: Case 9: , , and ; Case 10: , , and ; Case 11: , , and ; Case 12: , , and .