Hybrid Optimization Approach for Energy Control in Electric Vehicle Controller for Regulation of Three-Phase Induction Motors

Table 1

Fuzzy set for input error.

Fuzzy set	Membership function	Range	Set description
NL	Trapezoidal	−1.0 to −1.0; −1.0 to −0.8; −0.8 to −0.5	Speed error is high in the negative direction
NM	Triangular	−0.8 to −0.5; −0.5 to −0.2	Speed error is medium in negative direction
ZE	Triangular	−0.2 to 0; 0 to 0.2	Speed error is around zero
PM	Triangular	0.2 to 0.5; 0.5 to 0.8	Speed error is medium in positive direction
PL	Trapezoidal	0.5 to 0.8; 0.8 to 1; 1 to 1	Speed error is large in positive direction
NS	Triangular	−0.5 to −0.2; −0.2 to 0	Speed error is smaller in negative direction
PS	Triangular	0 to 2; 0.2 to 0.5	Speed error is small in the positive direction