Image Multithreshold Segmentation Method Based on Improved Harris Hawk Optimization

Table 5

Experimental results based on Otsu.

Image	Threshold number	IMHHO			HHO-DE			SFO			EO			PFA
		PSNR	MEAN	STD	PSNR	MEAN	STD	PSNR	MEAN	STD	PSNR	MEAN	STD	PSNR	MEAN	STD
Cameraman	2	19.0884	3650.1	0.1676	18.9722	3649.7	0.3947	19.0866	3649.0	1.4077	19.0678	3648.8	0.3900	19.0317	3648.5	1.0510
	3	20.8002	3724.1	1.4060	20.1808	3721.9	2.1678	20.1612	3722.8	2.2895	20.6880	3721.2	1.4545	20.0396	3720.2	2.4159
	4	23.6948	3773.7	3.9335	20.9759	3772.1	1.0813	22.0726	3759.2	10.4571	23.5608	3778.2	1.0624	22.0721	3768.3	4.0947
	5	26.8370	3805.3	3.3621	24.9971	3797.6	3.0961	25.6393	3803.6	7.4071	25.9862	3802.8	4.7896	25.6644	3794.0	3.3807
Cameraman-transformed	2	20.0997	6099.9	0.0139	20.0881	6099.7	0.1588	19.9218	6098.9	0.6209	20.0859	6099.5	0.1809	19.9042	6099.3	0.2296
	3	21.6693	6152.4924	0.3951	21.2673	6147.2	1.7100	21.2746	6146.9	1.7982	21.2666	6148.5	0.4324	21.2470	6147.9	0.6152
	4	23.9418	6175.4	1.0054	22.4052	6168.6	3.2199	22.5905	6169.3	1.1284	23.3834	6171.6	1.4231	23.3689	6167.0	1.5290
	5	25.5184	6192.3	1.3590	24.5047	6188.0	4.4976	24.9152	6187.2	2.0383	24.2330	6191.03	0.6300	23.7302	6188.8	2.3408
Lena	2	20.6320	1963.2	1.0241	20.4720	1961.2	1.2701	20.4720	1959.9	1.9788	20.6252	1960.7	0.2502	20.6120	1961.1	0.2871
	3	23.9187	2124.5	3.0557	23.8529	2124.0	2.0164	24.0407	2125.3	1.2221	23.9187	2126.8	1.1267	23.7256	2119.21	4.1791
	4	25.4614	2185.0	3.0563	24.8838	2175.9	3.9324	25.4414	2175.2	11.6551	25.0461	2178.5	2.0238	25.0400	2177.9	3.9863
	5	26.2481	2211.7	3.7748	26.1641	2203.3	4.0519	26.1508	2202.7	5.8417	25.8482	2198.8	4.5770	25.7610	2197.5	5.1588
Lena-transformed	2	18.4340	3935.6	1.1993	18.3839	3932.2	0.5844	18.3677	3929.1	3.0847	18.4372	3932.7	0.3335	18.4215	3932.2	1.5516
	3	21.7737	4177.3	0.2158	21.3431	4176.5	1.3923	20.9217	4168.1	3.9564	21.6603	4176.6	0.3629	21.7398	4175.0	1.4354
	4	25.1900	4274.2	2.0525	24.4232	4272.2	5.9910	24.2778	4273.8	3.8762	24.8839	4269.8	4.2990	24.7227	4270.6	7.5703
	5	27.1659	4320.0	1.1012	26.3552	4317.1	1.2442	25.7180	4309.4	6.2374	25.8277	4310.2	4.8961	24.6820	4300.2	3.9989
Baboon	2	20.2959	1548.3	0.1102	20.2566	1546.2	0.3547	20.1615	1548.1	0.0469	20.2672	1547.6	0.4741	20.2191	1547.4	0.3930
	3	21.9392	1639.1	1.5882	21.6273	1628.4	2.1853	21.8991	1633.0	2.8692	21.9823	1632.2	3.5540	21.8027	1627.7	3.1475
	4	24.2525	1685.9	2.3533	23.1370	1683.2	2.9213	24.0443	1663.1	3.2419	23.2191	1683.5	4.5996	23.0956	1674.99	10.7087
	5	24.9511	1722.5	1.8239	23.5390	1702.5	1.0843	24.3702	1710.3	3.3113	23.1105	1700.9	1.8669	24.6986	1702.4	9.7758
Baboon-transformed	2	19.2000	4507.3	0.1584	19.1126	4506.0	1.0816	19.1317	4506.0	1.6578	19.1126	4506.5	0.7411	19.1430	4506.5	0.9250
	3	22.0533	4704.8	1.6916	22.0396	4702.6	2.3214	21.7006	4698.4	3.7264	21.4803	4697.0	1.0019	21.9780	4699.1	4.6795
	4	23.9658	4759.2	1.1612	23.4362	4749.8	1.1940	22.9558	4750.8	1.5767	23.8115	4749.7	2.2898	22.5026	4748.0	3.8166
	5	25.5808	4789.2	1.3938	22.9976	4771.5	6.2706	24.0719	4782.5	4.0000	24.4393	4777.0	4.4770	24.8488	4781.1	1.5116
Peppers	2	19.0847	2868.3	0.2067	19.0078	2864.1	1.2345	19.0941	2864.1	1.1196	19.0415	1547.4	0.3930	19.0487	2865.6	0.2040
	3	22.1027	3065.1	0.8679	21.6813	3061.8	2.7666	21.6421	3057.6	10.2922	21.9757	3061.0	1.6832	21.26396	3056.1	5.1090
	4	25.8249	3149.3	1.3292	25.6163	3125.6	2.1509	25.6209	3144.6	5.2335	25.7219	3146.2	2.8446	22.9884	3119.5	9.4487
	5	27.1213	3189.2	1.9256	27.0356	3175.0	2.0912	26.8410	3181.9	2.7068	25.7633	3177.1	1.8172	26.8348	3176.9	4.6343
Peppers-transformed	2	19.9752	3935.7	0.2289	19.8371	3928.4	0.0240	19.9002	3927.8	0.7888	19.5700	3927.5	0.8232	19.8367	3927.8	0.7707
	3	21.9685	4054.4	1.7621	21.1776	4042.1	3.5745	21.2917	4037.7	3.2105	21.1766	4043.3	2.3317	21.7251	4042.3	1.3979
	4	25.9491	4099.7	2.0278	24.5706	4090.9	3.6091	25.0008	4081.5	3.5885	25.2831	4088.7	3.8468	24.9007	4089.5	4.9932
	5	26.9672	4223.4	2.2051	25.0619	4176.9	3.0843	25.3931	4118.9	5.1739	25.5128	4118.9	5.1739	26.0913	4112.4	7.4139