Financial Distress Prediction of Chinese Listed Companies Using the Combination of Optimization Model and Convolutional Neural Network

Table 4

Financial distress forecast indicators.

Types	Numbers	Indicators	Property	Types	Numbers	Indicators	Property
Financial indicators
Solvency	1	Debt to asset ratio	Negative	Operation ability	224	Current assets/total assets	Positive
	2	Current ratio	Positive		225	Operating cycle	Negative
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	87	Acid-test ratio	Positive		282	Total assets turnover	Negative
Profitability	88	Total operating income per share	Positive	Growth ability	283	Net assets per share	Positive
	89	Ratio of sales to cost	Negative		284	Total assets	Positive
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	223	Net profit margin on sales	Positive	333	Increase rate of main business revenue	Positive
Nonfinancial indicators
Corporate governance	334	Whether financial institution	Qualitative	Credit information	409	Whether the third party inspection	Qualitative
	335	Preaudit situation	Qualitative		410	Whether the largest shareholder has changed	Qualitative
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	400	Total employees	Positive		438	Whether illegal	Qualitative
Board structure	401	Chairman’s gender	Qualitative	Societal responsibility	439	Total tax	Positive
	402	Chairman’s age	Qualitative		440	Social contribution value per share	Positive
	...	...	...		441	Social donation	Positive
	408	Chairman’s degree	Qualitative
Macroindicators
National income	442	Regional GDP	Positive	Societal factors	516	Natural population growth rate	Positive
	443	M1 money supply	Positive		517	Number of domestic patent applications granted	Positive
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	462	Industry index	Positive		532	Total education expenditure	Positive
Employment	463	Employee remuneration	Positive	Investment costs	533	Short-term benchmark interest rate	Negative
	464	Number of employees	Positive		534	Long-term benchmark interest rate	Negative
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	477	Unemployment rate	Negative		568	Total foreign investment	Positive
National consumption	478	Engel’s coefficient	Negative	Ecological factors	569	Water resources per capita	Positive
	479	Final consumption expenditure	Positive		570	Garbage treatment rate	Positive
	...	...	...		...	...	...
	515	Total social retail	Positive		576	Electricity consumption	Positive