Flexural Reinforcement of Over-Reinforced Beam by Ultrahigh Performance Concrete Layer

Figure 4

Constitutive relation curve of concrete: (a) compressive stress vs. inelastic strain; (b) compressive damage vs. inelastic strain; (c) tension stress vs. cracking strain; (d) tension damage vs. cracking strain.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)