Data-Driven ICA-Bi-LSTM-Combined Lithium Battery SOH Estimation

Table 3

Comparison of multimodel test set prediction results.

Model	BPNN	LSTM	GRU	ICA-Bi-LSTM
Average Train_MSE	0.0092094	0.0085493	0.0073294	0.0032103
Average Train_MSE + regularize	0.0087362	0.0080372	0.0076837	0.0029074
Average VAL_MSE	0.0159374	0.0103984	0.0079732	0.0050012
Average VAL_MSE + regularize	0.0101514	0.0089733	0.0077760	0.0045510