Research Article
Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Jacking Force and Its Influencing Factors during the Vertical Tunneling Process
Table 3
The material parameters and element types of poorly graded sand.
| | Material | Part type | Element type | Compression modulus (MPa) | Unit weight (kN/m3) | Cohesion (kPa) | The angle of internal friction (°) |
| | Poorly graded sand | Deformable | CAX4R | 5.4 | 19.2 | 5.3 | 8.7 |
|
|
