Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Jacking Force and Its Influencing Factors during the Vertical Tunneling Process

Table 6

Design parameters of geotechnical strata for sedimentary strata in Beihai [27].

Soil	Compression modulus Es (kPa)	Unit weight of soil γ (kN/m^3)	Cohesion c (kPa)	The angle of internal friction φ (°)
Backfill	—	20	—	—
Fine sand	5000	18	0	29
Silty medium sand	4000	20	5	32
Gravel sand 1	12600	22	0	35
Silty clay	5000	20	7	6
Clay 1	7000	19.6	25.6	10
Medium sand	13400	20.1	0	33
Clay 2	11000	20.1	45	15
Gravel sand 2	15200	20.5	0	34