Research Article

Research on Development Mechanism and Criterion of Upward Fractures in Longwall Face Mining

Table 1

The material ratio of physical simulation experiment.

LithologyThickness (m)Depth (m)Consumables (kg)
SandPlasterCalcium carbonateFly ash

Loess21.7921.79Sand (37.69): loess (37.69): silicone oil (8.29)
Fine-grained sandstone6.0327.8219.210.731.81
Siltstone16.8644.6858.231.914.60
Fine-grained sandstone1.7746.456.040.230.53
Siltstone1.5047.955.180.170.41
Fine-grained sandstone0.9548.903.240.120.28
Medium-grained sandstone4.1353.0314.090.371.40
Coarse-grained sandstone4.3757.414.910.391.49
Siltstone2.5459.948.770.300.68
Fine-grained sandstone3.8663.8013.180.481.15
Siltstone1.8165.616.250.210.49
Fine-grained sandstone1.7967.406.110.230.53
Siltstone2.3369.738.050.270.62
Fine-grained sandstone1.8771.606.380.240.56
Medium-grained sandstone1.3672.964.640.120.46
No. 1-2 coal seam4.0076.965.440.281.365.44
Siltstone6.0483.0020.840.721.63