Influence of Shield Tunnel Oblique Penetration Construction on Existing Large-Span Masonry Structures

Table 1

Soil layer thickness and mechanical parameters.

Soil layer	Layer thickness (m)	Severe (kN/m^3)	Elastic modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Internal friction angle ()	Cohesive force (kPa)
Miscellaneous fill	1.5	15.5	5.6	0.35	10	17
Silt	4.2	19.7	21.7	0.31	22	18
Silty clay	13.5	19.2	32.3	0.28	18	31
Fine sand	7	20.2	52	0.25	28	0