Formation of Residual Bubbles in Diesel Engine Nozzle and Their Influence on Initial Jet

Figure 10

Plots of the initial jet structure in the near field at injection pressure of 30 MPa. The picture shows the four jet structures taken during the fuel injection cycle: (a) traditionally recognized mushroom head morphology, (b) needle-shaped liquid filament morphology, (c) needle-shaped liquid silk pierces mushroom head morphology, and (d) umbrella head shape.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)