Integration of a Quantum Voting Scheme into Grayscale Images Using the Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation and Qiskit Framework

Figure 6

The NEQR representation of gray value 74 (the pixel in the lower-right corner of Alice’s image). The LSB is represented by qubit , and its state is set to (the second bit from the binary representation of 10₂, Alice’s vote in binary). The voter needs to add a NOT gate in the validation circuit for this qubit (). In a similar manner to the representation in Figure 5, the representation must match the binary value of 74, which is 00101111₂, when the position qubits are in the expected states. Here, the pixel’s coordinates are (5, 7)—values 101₂ () and 111₂ () in binary; therefore, only one NOT gate is needed for the position qubits before the connection between anc₄ and the gray level qubits, more exactly for .