The Role of fMRI in the Assessment of Neuroplasticity in MS: A Systematic Review

Table 7

Quality assessment.

	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q10	TOT
t-fMRI cross-sectional
Sensorimotor
Reddy et al. (2000) [22]	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	4
Filippi et al. (2002) [16]	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	4
Pantano et al. (2002) [19]	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	6
Reddy et al. (2002) [13]	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	7
Pantano et al. (2002) [8]	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	6
Rocca et al. (2002) [17]	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	5
Rocca et al. (2003) [14]	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	3
Rocca et al. (2003) [9]	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	6
Rocca et al. (2003) [80]	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	5
Filippi et al. (2004) [12]	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	4
Filippi et al. (2004) [86]	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	6
Rocca et al. (2005) [20]	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	6
Ciccarelli et al. (2006) [18]	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	7
Wang and Hier (2007) [87]	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	4
Wegner et al. (2008) [88]	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	6
Rocca et al. (2009) [79]	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	7
Harirchian et al. (2010) [10]	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	4
Rocca et al. (2010) [15]	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	8
Rico et al. (2011) [11]	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	3
Petsas et al. (2013) [21]	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	8
Faivre et al. (2015) [89]	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	7
Cognitive
Staffen et al. (2002) [23]	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
Audoin et al. (2003) [24]	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	5
Penner et al. (2003) [45]	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	4
Mainero et al. (2004) [26]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	6
Saini et al. (2004) [90]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	6
Audoin et al. (2005) [25]	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	4
Cader et al. (2006) [31]	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	8
Forn et al. (2006) [27]	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Rachbauer et al. (2006) [28]	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
Sweet et al. (2006) [32]	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	6
Forn et al. (2007) [33]	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	3
Morgen et al. (2007) [42]	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	8
Nebel et al. (2007) [91]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	4
Prakash et al. (2007) [29]	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	6
Prakash et al. (2008) [43]	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	7
Bonzano et al. (2009) [30]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	3
Passamonti et al. (2009) [44]	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	5
Pierno et al. (2009) [92]	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	6
Rocca et al. (2009) [81]	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	8
Smith et al. (2010) [93]	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	5
Bonnet et al. (2010) [40]	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	6
Helekar et al. (2010) [94]	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	6
Rocca et al. (2010) [34]	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	0	7
Amann et al. (2011) [35]	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	5
Jehna et al. (2011) [95]	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	7
Loitfelder et al. (2011) [41]	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	8
Colorado et al. (2012) [96]	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	8
Hulst et al. (2012) [38]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	4
Kern et al. (2012) [39]	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	8
Smith et al. (2012) [97]	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	3
Forn et al. (2013) [96]	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	7
Rocca et al. (2014) [36]	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	8
Weygandt et al. (2017) [37]	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	6
Tacchino et al. (2018) [99]	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	7
t-fMRI longitudinal
Pantano et al. (2005) [46]	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	5
Mezzapesa et al. (2008) [47]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	5
Audoin et al. (2008) [48]	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	7
Pantano et al. (2011) [100]	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	8
Loitfelder et al. (2014) [101]	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	7
t-fMRI Interventional
Parry et al. (2003) [49]	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	7
Mainero et al. (2004) [50]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	4
Morgen et al. (2004) [52]	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	0	5
Rasova et al. (2005) [102]	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	5
Sastre-Garriga et al. (2011) [54]	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	3
Cerasa et al. (2013) [53]	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	7
Ernst et al. (2012) [55]	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	5
Tomassini et al. (2012) [2]	0	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	0	1	7
Hubacher et al. (2015) [56]	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	4
Tomassini al. (2016) [51]	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	7
Leonard et al. (2017) [103]	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	4
r-fMRI cross-sectional
Roosendaal et al. (2010) [60]	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	6
Bonavita et al. (2011) [63]	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	0	7
Liu et al. (2011) [58]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	6
Faivre et al. (2012) [61]	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	7
Liu et al. (2012) [57]	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	7
Gallo et al. (2012) [65]	0	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	8
Rocca et al. (2010) [83]	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	10
Schoonheim et al. (2012) [62]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	0	1	6
Schoonheim al. (2014) [71]	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	9
Tona et al. (2014) [67]	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	8
Zhou et al. (2014) [59]	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	1	1	8
Liu et al. (2015) [68]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	7
Liu et al. (2016) [66]	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	6
Rocca et al. (2016) [70]	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	10
Zhong et al. (2016) [69]	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	10
Bisecco et al. (2017) [64]	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	9
r-fMRI longitudinal
Droby et al. (2015) [72]	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	5
Faivre et al. (2016) [73]	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1	8
r-fMRI interventional
Filippi et al. (2012) [75]	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	6
Petsas et al. (2014) [74]	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	10
Boutiere et al. (2016) [77]	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	6
De Giglio et al. (2016) [76]	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	8
Methodology	Q1: Were a priori hypotheses clearly stated?
	Q2: Was the sample size equal to or larger than 30 subjects?
Clinical characteristics	Q3: Was MS phenotype included?
	Q4: Was clinical information, e.g., relapses and/or treatment, reported?
MRI parameters	Q5: Was the used MRI filed equal to or greater than 3T?
Statistical analysis	Q6: Was correction for multiple comparison used?
	Q7: Were covariates of no interest included in the analysis?
Results	Q8: Were correlations between fMRI outcomes and clinical scores investigated?
	Q9: Were correlations between fMRI outcomes and structural measures investigated?
	Q10: Were limitations of the study clearly stated?