Review Article

Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Pain and Sleep in Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Cognitive behavioral therapy and control interventions in the included parallel-group trials.

Author (year)Cognitive behavioral therapy in the intervention groupControl group interventionFrequencyDuration

1McCarty et al., 2021 [33]Hybrid (telehealth and face-to-face) individualized intervention with care management and enhanced medication consultationUsual health care1 hour per week6 months
2Tomfohr-Madsen et al., 2019 [28]Insomnia-specified individualized interventionUsual health care45 minutes per week6 weeks
3Theadom et al., 2018 [26]Online individualized intervention with interactive features or suggestions on behavior changeOnline education without interactive features or suggestions on behavior change20 minutes per week6 weeks
4Nguyen et al., 2017 [34]Face-to-face individualized intervention with 30-minute exerciseUsual health careModerate exercise 30 minutes 3 to 5 times per week & cognitive behavioral therapy 1 session per week2 months
5Potter et al., 2016 [25]Face-to-face individualized interventionWaiting list control1 hour per week12 weeks
6Kjeldgaard et al., 2014 [24]Face-to-face group interventionWaiting list control2 hours per week9 weeks
7Lah et al., 2019 [32]Face-to-face insomnia-specified individualized intervention/75 minutes per week4 weeks
8Baker et al. 2018 [35]Face-to-face individualized intervention with lifestyle modifications/Not mention2 years
9Lu et al., 2016 [31]Insomnia-specified individualized intervention/1 hour per week4 weeks
10Ouellet and Morin, 2007 [29]Face-to-face insomnia-specified individualized intervention/1 hour per week8-9 weeks
11Gurr and Coetzer, 2005 [27]Face-to-face group relaxation & face-to-face individualized therapy session/Group intervention per week for 3 weeks & individualized intervention 30 mins per two weeks for 12 weeks14-15 weeks
12Ouellet and Morin, 2004 [30]Face-to-face insomnia-specified individualized intervention/1 session per week8 weeks